Members of Picornaviridae and of the Hepacivirus, Pegivirus and Pestivirus genera of
Flaviviridae all contain an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) in the 5′-untranslated region …

The flavivirids (family Flaviviridae) are a group of positive-sense RNA viruses that include
well-documented agents of human disease. Despite their importance and ubiquity, the …

SARS-CoV-2 is a novel positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus from the Coronaviridae
family (genus Betacoronavirus), which has been established as causing the COVID-19 …

Viral infection is a major cause of ill health in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), but most
evidence to date has come from conspicuous disease outbreaks with high morbidity and …

The Flaviviridae family of positive-sense RNA viruses contains important pathogens of
humans and other animals, including Zika virus, dengue virus, and hepatitis C virus. The …

For energetically limited organisms, life‐history theory predicts trade‐offs between
reproductive effort and somatic maintenance. This is especially true of female mammals, for …

In humans, senescence increases susceptibility to viral infection. However, comparative
data on viral infection in free-living non-human primates—even in our closest living relatives …

Hepatitis C virus (HCV; genus Hepacivirus) represents a major public health problem,
infecting about three per cent of the human population. Because no animal reservoir …

Hepaciviruses represent a group of viruses that pose a significant threat to the health of
humans and animals. During the last decade, new members of the genus Hepacivirus have …

Introduction Respiratory illness is the most common childhood disease globally, especially
in developing countries. Previous studies have detected viruses in approximately 70-80% of …