Genetic predisposition to pulmonary fibrosis has been confirmed by the discovery of several
gene mutations that cause pulmonary fibrosis. Although genetic sequencing of familial …

Background Childhood interstitial lung disease (ILD) comprises a spectrum of rare ILDs
affecting infants, children and adolescents. Nintedanib is a licensed treatment for pulmonary …

Interstitial and diffuse lung diseases in children constitute a range of congenital and
acquired disorders. These disorders present with signs and symptoms of respiratory disease …

Background Childhood interstitial lung disease (chILD) encompasses a group of rare
heterogeneous respiratory conditions associated with significant morbidity and mortality …

Computed tomography (CT) imaging findings of pulmonary fibrosis are well established for
adults and have been shown to correlate with prognosis and outcome. Recognition of …

The field of rare and diffuse pediatric lung disease is experiencing rapid progress as
diagnostic and therapeutic options continue to expand. In this annual review, we discuss …

Abstract Childhood Interstitial and Diffuse Lung Disease (chILD) encompasses a group of
rare, chronic lung disorders in infants and children with overlapping clinical features but …

In children, pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is an extremely unusual entity that can be observed in
some types of interstitial lung disease (ILD). Defining whether ILD is accompanied by PF is …

Background Patients with inherited pulmonary surfactant metabolism disorders have a wide
range of clinical outcomes and imaging findings. Response to current anti‐inflammatory …

Abstract Background Surfactant protein C (SP-C) disorder is a major component of
hereditary interstitial lung disease (HILD) among Japanese. The correlation between clinical …