Pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction arise from disorders of placental development and
have some shared mechanistic features. Initiation is often rooted in the maldevelopment of a …

Maternal obesity is associated with pregnancy complications and increases the risk for the
infant to develop obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease later in life. However, the …

Appropriate in utero growth is essential for offspring development and is a critical contributor
to long-term health. Fetal growth is largely dictated by the availability of nutrients in maternal …

Abnormal fetal growth, both growth restriction and overgrowth, is associated with perinatal
complications and an increased risk of metabolic and cardiovascular disease later in life …

Although much progress is being made in understanding the molecular pathways in the
placenta that are involved in the pathophysiology of pregnancy-related disorders, a …

BACKGROUND The placenta is the functional interface between the mother and the fetus
during pregnancy, and a critical determinant of fetal growth and life-long health. In the first …

Placental responses to maternal perturbations are complex and remain poorly understood.
Altered maternal environment during pregnancy such as hypoxia, stress, obesity, diabetes …

Appropriate fetal growth relies upon adequate placental nutrient transfer. Birthweight:
placental weight ratio (BW: PW ratio) is often used as a proxy for placental efficiency, defined …

Adverse influences during fetal life alter the structure and function of distinct cells, organ
systems or homoeostatic pathways, thereby 'programming'the individual for an increased …

A branched vascular network is crucial to placental development and is dependent on
factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), placental growth factor (PlGF) …