Tobacco smoking with a water pipe or hookah is increasing globally. There are millions of
water pipe tobacco smokers worldwide, and in the United States, water pipe use is more …

From the 1970s, androgen abuse spread from athletes into the general population.
Consistent with previous evidence, reviewed studies suggest that androgen abuse …

Substance use disorders (SUD) are a significant health concern worldwide. Substance
abuse is a persistent problem linked to high rates of illness and loss. These issues are also …

Abstracts: Tobacco use is considered as one of the largest public health threats facing the
world. The estimated number of current smokers in the world epidemic now in the …

Statistical data on the use of various psychoactive substances indicate a narrowing of
previous differences in substance use between men and women. Data from studies …

Abstract Background and Aims Misuse of tramadol, an opioid prescription analgesic, is
known as a public health challenge globally. We aimed to systematically review studies on …

Background: Substance use disorders (SUD) are significant health concern worldwide.
Substance use is inveterate trouble which is associated with significant morbidity and …

Background: Addiction are a major public health concern that is increasingly expanding
across the world, affecting consumers, their communities and their environments causing …

Background Very little is known regarding the epidemiology of suicides in Iraq, given the
lack of a national surveillance system. Therefore, the government initiated this project “The …

Background and aims Substance use among adolescents especially smoking, is becoming
a public health problem in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. School-based health education is an …