Chronobiological studies of prokaryotic organisms have generally lagged far behind the
study of endogenous circadian clocks in eukaryotes, in which such systems are essentially …

Background Circadian rhythms, observed across all domains of life, enable organisms to
anticipate and prepare for diel changes in environmental conditions. In bacteria, a circadian …

Cellular life emerged∼ 3.7 billion years ago. With scant exception, terrestrial organisms
have evolved under predictable daily cycles owing to the Earth's rotation. The advantage …

Circadian clocks are self-sustained biological oscillators that can be entrained by
environmental cues. Although this phenomenon has been studied in many organisms, the …

Cyanobacteria have a robust circadian oscillator, known as the Kai system. Reconstituted
from the purified protein components KaiC, KaiB, and KaiA, it can tick autonomously in the …

Circadian clocks generate slow and ordered cellular dynamics but consist of fast-moving bio-
macromolecules; consequently, the origins of the overall slowness remain unclear. We …

The cyanobacterial circadian pacemaker consists of a three-protein clock—KaiA, KaiB, and
KaiC—that generates oscillations in the phosphorylation state of KaiC. Here we investigate …

Biological processes are typically actuated by dynamic multi-subunit molecular complexes.
However, interactions between subunits, which govern the functions of these complexes, are …

Circadian rhythms enable cells and organisms to coordinate their physiology with the cyclic
environmental changes that come as a result of Earth's light/dark cycles. Cyanobacteria …

The oscillator of the circadian clock of cyanobacteria is composed of three proteins, KaiA,
KaiB, and KaiC, which together generate a self-sustained∼ 24-h rhythm of phosphorylation …