In humans, the period from term birth to∼ 2 years of age is characterized by rapid and
dynamic brain development and plays an important role in cognitive development and risk of …

Myelin, a lipid membrane that wraps axons, enabling fast neurotransmission and metabolic
support to axons, is conventionally thought of as a static structure that is set early in …

Before we can assess and interpret how developmental changes in human brain structure
relate to cognition, affect, and motivation, and how these processes are perturbed in clinical …

The study of brain plasticity has tended to focus on the synapse, where well-described
activity-dependent mechanisms are known to play a key role in learning and memory …

Children exposed to various forms of adversity early in life are at increased risk for a broad
range of developmental difficulties, affecting both cognitive and emotional adjustment. We …

Human cortex appears to thin during childhood development. However, the underlying
microstructural mechanisms are unknown. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging …

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been used widely to show structural brain changes
during both development and aging. Lifespan studies are valuable because they connect …

Clear associations of sleep, cognitive performance, and behavioral problems have been
demonstrated in meta-analyses of studies in adults. This meta-analysis is the first to …

Adolescence is defined as a transitional period between childhood and adulthood
characterized by changes in social interaction and acquisition of mature cognitive abilities …

The hippocampus plays key roles in cognition and affect and serves as a model system for
structure/function studies in animals. So far, its complex anatomy has challenged …