Carotenoids are among the most prevalent pigments used in animal signals and are also
important for a range of physiological functions. These concomitant roles have made …

Empirical studies of sexual selection typically focus on one of the two mechanisms of sexual
selection without integrating these into a description of total sexual selection, or study total …

Avian plumage colors have emerged recently as model systems for investigating the types of
information that can be signaled by showy sexual displays in animals. In many species, the …

Many of the colour displays of animals are proposed to have evolved in response to female
mate choice for honest signals of quality, but such honest signalling requires mechanisms to …

Colour patches are complex traits, the components of which may evolve independently
through a variety of mechanisms. Although usually treated as simple, two-dimensional …

Sexual displays often involve several different ornamental traits. Yet most indicator models
of sexual selection based on a single receiver (usually a choosy female) find that multiple …

Much attention has been devoted to understanding the evolution of elaborate male
ornaments and how they may signal male quality. However, the evolution of multicomponent …

Understanding the role of multiple colour signals during sexual signalling is a central theme
in animal communication. We quantified the role of multiple colour signals (including …

Birds exhibit remarkable variation in plumage patterns, both within individual feathers and
among plumage patches. Differences in the size, shape, and location of pigments and …

Recent sexual selection studies on the evolution of bird colouration have mainly focused on
signals with a high level of condition-dependent variation, with much less attention given to …