Natural language is often seen as the single factor that explains the cognitive singularity of
the human species. Instead, we propose that humans possess multiple internal languages …

Learning and interpreting the structure of the environment is an innate feature of biological
systems, and is integral to guiding flexible behaviors for evolutionary viability. The concept of …

We review the central tenets and neuroanatomical basis of the global neuronal workspace
(GNW) hypothesis, which attempts to account for the main scientific observations regarding …

How the brain stores a sequence in memory remains largely unknown. We investigated the
neural code underlying sequence working memory using two-photon calcium imaging to …

For many years, the dominant theoretical framework guiding research into the neural origins
of perceptual experience has been provided by hierarchical feedforward models, in which …

Natural language is hierarchically structured: smaller units (eg, phrases) are nested within
larger units (eg, clauses). When a larger constituent ends, all of the smaller constituents that …

Knowledge abstracted from previous experiences can be transferred to aid new learning.
Here, we asked whether such abstract knowledge immediately guides the replay of new …

Speech consists of a continuously-varying acoustic signal. Yet human listeners experience it
as sequences of discrete speech sounds, which are used to recognise discrete words. To …

Neuroscience has focused on the detailed implementation of computation, studying neural
codes, dynamics and circuits. In machine learning, however, artificial neural networks tend …

Active inference is a normative principle underwriting perception, action, planning, decision-
making and learning in biological or artificial agents. From its inception, its associated …