Climate change has been partially mitigated by an increasing net land carbon sink in the
terrestrial biosphere; understanding the processes that drive this sink is thus essential for …

The productivity of ecosystems and their capacity to support life depends on access to
reactive nitrogen (N). Over the past century, humans have more than doubled the global …

The enhanced vegetation productivity driven by increased concentrations of carbon dioxide
(CO2)[ie, the CO2 fertilization effect (CFE)] sustains an important negative feedback on …

Terrestrial ecosystems remove about 30 per cent of the carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted by
human activities each year, yet the persistence of this carbon sink depends partly on how …

Anthropogenic environmental changes, or 'stressors', increasingly threaten biodiversity and
ecosystem functioning worldwide. Multiple-stressor research is a rapidly expanding field of …

Contents Summary 32 I. The importance of plant carbon metabolism for climate change 32 II.
Rising atmospheric CO2 and carbon metabolism 33 III. Rising temperatures and carbon …

Abstract Elevated CO2 (eCO2) experiments provide critical information to quantify the effects
of rising CO2 on vegetation,,,,–. Many eCO2 experiments suggest that nutrient limitations …

Multiple stressors, such as warming and invasions, often occur together and have
nonadditive effects. Most studies to date assume that stressors operate in perfect synchrony …

Major drivers of gains or losses in soil organic carbon (SOC) include land management,
land‐use change, and climate change. Thousands of original studies have focused on these …

Direct quantification of terrestrial biosphere responses to global change is crucial for
projections of future climate change in Earth system models. Here, we synthesized …