Atherosclerosis is the narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of macrophages
overloaded with lipids resulting in foam cell formation, and these events occur preferentially …

Angiotensin II (AngII), the major effector peptide of renin–angiotensin system (RAS), is now
recognized as a growth factor that regulates cell growth and fibrosis, besides being a …

Angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor activation as well as proinflammatory cytokines such as
interleukin-6 (IL-6) are involved in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. The …

Inflammation is a key mechanism in the initiation, progression, and clinical sequelae of
cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including atherosclerosis, nephropathy, and …

It is now well established that vascular inflammation is an independent risk factor for the
development of atherosclerosis. In otherwise healthy patients, chronic elevations of …

A direct, continuous, and independent relation between blood pressure and the incidence of
various cardiovascular events, such as stroke and myocardial infarction, is now well …

Angiotensin II (Ang II), the biologically active component of renin-angiotensin system (RAS),
acts through two receptor subtypes, the AT1 and the AT2 receptor. All classic physiological …

Many experimental data have suggested that the renin-angiotensin system participates in
immune and inflammatory responses. Angiotensin II is involved in several steps of the …

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins)
significantly reduce cardiovascular mortality associated with hypercholesterolemia. There is …

Atherosclerosis is nowadays generally accepted as an inflammatory disease. It is known that
local inflammation occurs in the formation the plaques, as macrophages and other immuno …