Melasma is a chronic acquired hypermelanosis of the skin, characterized by irregular brown
macules symmetrically distributed on sun-exposed areas of the body, particularly on the …

Hyperpigmentation of the skin refers to a dermatological condition which alters the color of
the skin, making it discolored or darkened. The treatments for hyperpigmentation disorders …

Once the research question and the research design have been finalised, it is important to
select the appropriate sample for the study. The method by which the researcher selects the …

Many modalities of treatment for acquired skin hyperpigmentation are available including
chemical agents or physical therapies, but none are completely satisfactory. Depigmenting …

Background: Melasma is an acquired increased pigmentation of the skin, characterized by
gray-brown symmetrical patches, mostly in the sun-exposed areas of the skin. The …

The aging process of the skin can be divided into intrinsic and photoaging. Clinically,
naturally aged skin is smooth, pale and finely wrinkled. In contrast, photoaged skin is …

Melasma is a common hypermelanotic disorder affecting the face that is associated with
considerable psychological impacts. The management of melasma is challenging and …

This article reviews side‐effects of fragrance materials present in cosmetics with emphasis
on clinical aspects: epidemiology, type, of adverse reactions, clinical picture, diagnostic …

Facial and neck pigmentations are the most cosmetically important. They are common in
middle-aged women, and are related to endogenous (hormones) and exogenous factors …

Melasma is a human melanogenesis dysfunction that results in localized, chronic acquired
hyperpigmentation of the skin. It has a significant impact on appearance, causing …