Abstract Aim The “2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure”
replaces the “2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure” and the …

Gliflozins in Cardiac and Renal Disease Gliflozins—sodium–glucose cotransporter 2
inhibitors—lower blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin in patients with type 2 diabetes …

2021 Update to the 2017 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway for Optimization of Heart
Failure Treatment: Answers to 10 Pivotal Issues About Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection …

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic, chronic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and
elevated blood glucose levels. Although a large drug portfolio exists to keep the blood …

Background Large clinical trials established the benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2
inhibitors in patients with diabetes and with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction …

Background Finerenone, a nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist,
reduced albuminuria in short-term trials involving patients with chronic kidney disease …

Background The inflammatory response occurring in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has
been proposed as a potential pharmacological target. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 …

After the publication of the revised edition, therapeutic drugs described in “Future Treatment”
were approved and important evidence for pharmacologic therapy and nonpharmacologic …

Carbohydrates are fundamental molecules involved in nearly all aspects of lives, such as
being involved in formating the genetic and energy materials, supporting the structure of …

Background: Many patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) have
chronic kidney disease that complicates pharmacological management and is associated …