Macrophages play critical roles in homeostatic maintenance of the myocardium under
normal conditions and in tissue repair after injury. In the steady-state heart, resident cardiac …

Macrophages are cells of the innate immunity constituting the mononuclear phagocyte
system and endowed with remarkable different roles essential for defense mechanisms …

Pathogen persistence in the respiratory tract is an important preoccupation, and of particular
relevance to infectious diseases such as tuberculosis. The equilibrium between elimination …

The major human bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes multidrug-resistant
infections in people with underlying immunodeficiencies or structural lung diseases such as …

Immune responses to pathogens are complex and not well understood in many diseases,
and this is especially true for infections by persistent pathogens. One mechanism that allows …

The granuloma that forms in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis must be carefully
balanced in terms of immune responses to provide sufficient immune cell activation to inhibit …

Atherosclerosis, the leading death in the United State, is a disease in which a plaque builds
up inside the arteries. As the plaque continues to grow, the shear force of the blood flow …

The lung is highly exposed to the external environment. For this reason, the lung needs to
handle a number of potential threats present in inhaled air such as viruses or bacteria …

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), induces formation of
granulomas, structures in which immune cells and bacteria colocalize. Macrophages are …

Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are the first cells to be infected during Mycobacterium
tuberculosis (M. tb.) infection. Thus, the AM response to infection is the first of many steps …