Cholinergic efferent neurons originating in the brainstem innervate the acoustico-lateralis
organs (inner ear, lateral line) of vertebrates. These release acetylcholine (ACh) to inhibit …

Abstract Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a non-protein-producing amino acid
synthesized from the excitatory amino acid glutamate via the enzyme glutamic acid …

Cochlear synaptopathy produced by exposure to noise levels that cause only transient
auditory threshold elevations is a condition that affects many people and is believed to …

The biomedical community is rapidly developing COVID-19 drugs to bring much-need
therapies to market, with over 900 drugs and drug combinations currently in clinical trials …

The cochlear efferent system comprises multiple populations of brainstem neurons whose
axons project to the cochlea, and whose responses to acoustic stimuli lead to regulation of …

The mammalian inner ear (IE) subserves auditory and vestibular sensations via highly
specialized cells and proteins. Sensory receptor hair cells (HCs) are necessary for …

Abstract Models are valuable tools to assess how deeply we understand complex systems:
only if we are able to replicate the output of a system based on the function of its …

Introduction: Epilepsy is a chronic medical disease in one third of patients and is associated
with comorbid adverse somatic conditions due to epilepsy itself or its long-term treatment …

Accurate encoding of acoustic stimuli requires temporally precise responses to sound
integrated with cellular mechanisms that encode the complexity of stimuli over varying …

GABAB receptors are G-protein coupled receptors for the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA.
Functional GABAB receptors are formed as heteromers of GABAB1 and GABAB2 subunits …