Plant architecture fundamentally differs from that of other multicellular organisms in that
individual cells serve as osmotic bricks, defined by the equilibrium between the internal …

Plants produce organs of various shapes and sizes. While much has been learned about
genetic regulation of organogenesis, the integration of mechanics in the process is also …

As scientists, we are at least as excited about the open questions—the things we do not
know—as the discoveries. Here, we asked 15 experts to describe the most compelling open …

In this glossary of plant cell structures, we asked experts to summarize a present-day view of
plant organelles and structures, including a discussion of outstanding questions. In the …

The ability to sense and respond to physical forces is critical for the proper function of cells,
tissues, and organisms across the evolutionary tree. Plants sense gravity, osmotic …

Accurate delineation of plant cell organelles from electron microscope images is essential
for understanding subcellular behaviour and function. Here we develop a deep-learning …

In multicellular organisms, tissue outgrowth creates a new water sink, modifying local
hydraulic patterns. Although water fluxes are often considered passive by-products of …

All living organisms are subjected to mechanical forces at all times. It has been reported that
mechanics regulate many key cellular processes, including cell polarity establishment, cell …

We present a new set of computational tools that enable accurate and widely applicable 3D
segmentation of nuclei in various 3D digital organs. We have developed an approach for …

During early embryogenesis, as cells divide in the developing embryo, the size of
intracellular organelles generally decreases to scale with the decrease in overall cell size …