Recent zircon supply disruptions and the increasing demand for TiO 2 in pigments has
focused attention on the adequacy of known and anticipated resources, and the ability of …

Pretreatment of ilmenite are required to enhance leaching efficiency of ilmenite. Strong acid
leaching is promising in terms of the purity of the produced TiO2, low energy consumption …

The recycling of high-titanium-bearing blast furnace slag (TiO 2> 23 wt.%) is an urgent
problem that has attracted global research attention. To achieve high-efficiency, low …

The extraction of tin through smelting of cassiterite (SnO 2) has generated considerable
amounts of slag in the main production areas of South-East Asia, Africa, and South America …

Titanomagnetite concentrate was reduced by H 2–Ar gas mixtures in a laboratory fixed bed
reactor at the temperatures from 1123 to 1323 K. The effects of reductive conditions on the …

Titanium dioxide pigment, also called “titanium white”(or Pigment White 6), is an essential
element in many manufacturing processes with minerals of significant economic importance …

A novel method of extracting valuable metals from Ti-bearing blast furnace slag (TBBF slag)
via pressure pyrolysis of recyclable ammonium sulfate (AS)–acid leaching process was …

The phase transformations of carbothermal reduction of Langkawi ilmenite ore by palm char
were studied in reduction temperatures ranging from 1200° C, 1300° C, and 1400° C using …

Titanium tetrachloride (TiCl 4) is an important raw material for preparing metallic Ti and TiO
2. At present, TiCl 4 is mainly produced through boiling chlorination and molten salt …

The kinetics of chlorination of titanium nitride (TiN) was investigated in the temperature
range of 523 K to 673 K (250° C to 400° C). The results showed that the extent of …