Background The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a multifaceted hormone with broad
pharmacological potential. Among the numerous metabolic effects of GLP-1 are the glucose …

The cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) system represents a primary cell-signaling
pathway throughout systems and across species. PKA facilitates the actions of hormones …

The glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 receptor (GLP-1R) is a class BG protein–coupled
receptor (GPCR) that mediates the action of GLP-1, a peptide hormone secreted from three …

This review focuses on the mechanisms regulating the synthesis, secretion, biological
actions, and therapeutic relevance of the incretin peptides glucose-dependent insulinotropic …

Incretins are gut hormones that are secreted from enteroendocrine cells into the blood within
minutes after eating. One of their many physiological roles is to regulate the amount of …

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), released from gut endocrine L cells in response to
glucose, regulates appetite, insulin secretion, and gut motility. How glucose given orally, but …

Abstract Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a gut peptide that, together with its receptor,
GLP-1R, is expressed in the brain. Here we show that intracerebroventricular (icv) GLP-1 …

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a hormone that is encoded in the proglucagon gene. It is
mainly produced in enteroendocrine L cells of the gut and is secreted into the blood stream …

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an endogenous insulinotropic peptide secreted from the
gastrointestinal tract in response to food intake. It enhances pancreatic islet β-cell …

G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) convey signals across membranes via interaction with
G proteins. Originally, an individual GPCR was thought to signal through one G protein …