This review provides the latest developments and trends in the application of fractional
calculus (FC) in biomedicine and biology. Nature has often showed to follow rather simple …

It is now established that airway smooth muscle (ASM) has roles in determining airway
structure and function, well beyond that as the major contractile element. Indeed, changes in …

Alveolarization is the process by which the alveoli, the principal gas exchange units of the
lung, are formed. Along with the maturation of the pulmonary vasculature, alveolarization is …

Fifty years after the original description of bronchopul-monary dysplasia (BPD) by Northway
et al, BPD remains one of the most common complications of preterm birth encountered in …

Although the pulmonary interstitial lipofibroblast (LF) has been widely recognized in rat and
mouse lungs, their presence in human lungs remains controversial. In a recent issue of the …

Lung regeneration research is yielding data with increasing translational value. The
classical models of lung development, postnatal alveolarization, and postpneumonectomy …

A variety of diseases can lead to loss of lung tissue. Currently, this can be treated only
symptomatically. In mice, a complete compensatory lung growth within 21 days after …

Synthesis and remodeling of the lung matrix is necessary for primary and compensatory
lung growth. Because cyclic negative force is applied to developing lung tissue during the …

Background Changes in epithelial cell shape reflects optimal cell packing and the
minimization of surface free energy, but also cell–cell interactions, cell proliferation, and …

In many mammals, including rodents and humans, removal of one lung results in the
compensatory growth of the remaining lung; however, the mechanism of compensatory lung …