Adjuvants are indispensable components of vaccines. Despite being widely used in
vaccines, their action mechanisms are not yet clear. With a greater understanding of the …

Adjuvants are vaccine components that enhance the magnitude, breadth and durability of
the immune response. Following its introduction in the 1920s, alum remained the only …

Vaccines are the key technology to combat existing and emerging infectious diseases.
However, increasing the potency, quality and durability of the vaccine response remains a …

Reactogenicity represents the physical manifestation of the inflammatory response to
vaccination, and can include injection-site pain, redness, swelling or induration at the …

In the present scenario, immunization is of utmost importance as it keeps us safe and
protects us from infectious agents. Despite the great success in the field of vaccinology …

After decades of slow progress, the last years have seen a rapid acceleration of the
development of adjuvanted vaccines which have lately been approved for human use …

Saponins are potent and safe vaccine adjuvants, but their mechanisms of action remain
incompletely understood. Here, we explored the properties of several saponin formulations …

Aluminum-containing adjuvants have been used for over 90 years to enhance the immune
response to vaccines. Recent work has significantly advanced our understanding of the …

Metals are essential components in all forms of life required for the function of nearly half of
all enzymes and are critically involved in virtually all fundamental biological processes …

Vaccines comprising innovative adjuvants are rapidly reaching advanced translational
stages, such as the authorized nanotechnology adjuvants in mRNA vaccines against COVID …