Abstract The Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller is a key component in most
engineering applications. The main disadvantage of PID is the selection of the best values …

This paper addresses the design of an optimally executed proportional-integral-derivative
(PID) controller, tailored for the speed regulation of a direct current (DC) motor. To achieve …

Daily increases in electricity prices accompany daily increases in energy consumption and
use. An effective load-balancing scheduling system is necessary for the lowest cost of use …

Owing to the critical role of DC motors in industrial systems, utilizing economical and
accurate methods to control motor speed is essential. This article presents an optimized …

Breast cancer is an unusual mass of the breast texture. It begins with an abnormal change in
cell structure. This disease may increase uncontrollably and affects neighboring textures …

The ball and beam (BnB) system serves as a benchmark in control engineering as it
provides a foundational concept applicable to addressing stabilization challenges of various …

This paper presents the reptile search algorithm (RSA) method to optimize the proportional
integral derivative (PID) parameters on direct current (DC) motors. RSA was adopted from …

Abstract Nowadays, the Internet of Things (IOT) is a modernistic growth in industrial
applications. Proportional–Integral–Derivative (PID) controller is an essential device in most …

This article proposes implementing and comparing the effectiveness of three optimization
algorithms (ACO, PSO, and FPA) for tuning a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller …

In this article, the direct current (DC) motor control approach is presented using the sand cat
swarm optimization (SCSO) method to obtain the best proportional integral derivative (PID) …