Brain cells normally respond adaptively to bioenergetic challenges resulting from ongoing
activity in neuronal circuits, and from environmental energetic stressors such as food …

The brain's energy demands are remarkable both in their intensity and in their moment-to-
moment dynamic range. This perspective considers the evidence for Warburg-like aerobic …

Glycogen metabolism has important implications for the functioning of the brain, especially
the cooperation between astrocytes and neurons. According to various research data, in a …

Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) are known to mediate the transport of short chain
monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate and butyrate. Currently, fourteen members of …

Astrocytes produce and release l-lactate as a potential source of energy for neurons. Here
we present evidence that l-lactate, independently of its caloric value, serves as an astrocytic …

The brain is, by weight, only 2% the volume of the body and yet it consumes about 20% of
the total glucose, suggesting that the energy requirements of the brain are high and that …

Astrocytes are the most abundant cells in the brain. They have many important functions in
the central nervous system (CNS), including the maintenance of glutamate and ion …

Astrocytes play a critical role in the regulation of brain metabolic responses to activity. One
detailed mechanism proposed to describe the role of astrocytes in some of these responses …

Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) are proton‐linked membrane carriers involved in the
transport of monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate, as well as ketone bodies. They …

Neurons have long held the spotlight as the central players of the nervous system, but we
must remember that we have equal numbers of astrocytes and neurons in the brain. Are …