There are many challenges involved in ocular drug delivery. These are a result of the many
tissue barriers and defense mechanisms that are present with the eye; such as the cornea …

Overcoming the physiological barriers in the eye remains a key obstacle in the field of ocular
drug delivery. While ocular barriers naturally have a protective function, they also limit drug …

Stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems have attracted widespread attention in recent
years since they can control drug release in a spatiotemporal manner and can achieve …

The invigoration of protein and peptides in serious eye disease includes age-related
macular degeneration, choroidal neovascularization, retinal neovascularization, and …

As an indispensable part of the human sensory system, visual acuity may be impaired and
even develop into irreversible blindness due to various ocular pathologies. Among ocular …

The intravitreal route faces many challenges in rapidly and effectively reaching posterior eye
pathology, with administered therapeutics experiencing non-specific distribution around and …

Optimal vision remains one of the most essential elements of the sensory system
continuously threatened by many ocular pathologies. Various pharmacological agents …

Background Degenerative ocular diseases such as macular retinopathy and retinal
disorders significantly affect vision loss and the quality of life. The prevalence of these …

Drug design is built on the concept that key molecular targets of disease are isolated in the
diseased tissue. Systemic drug administration would be sufficient for targeting in such a …

Intravitreal injection is the most common administration route for the treatment of retinal
diseases. However, the vitreous and some of the retinal layers themselves act as significant …