RNA interference (RNAi), the sequence-specific suppression of gene expression, offers
great opportunities for insect science, especially to analyze gene function, manage pest …

Methods are described for working with Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae in the field and
in the laboratory. For fieldwork, different sampling methods are described to determine …

Microbial pathogens are thought to have a profound impact on insect populations. Honey
bees are suffering from elevated colony losses in the northern hemisphere possibly because …

Nosema ceranae is a hot topic in honey bee health as reflected by numerous papers
published every year. This review presents an update of the knowledge generated in the last …

The biology and health of the honey bee Apis mellifera has been of interest to human
societies for centuries. Research on honey bee health is surging, in part due to new tools …

Elevated winter losses of managed honeybee colonies are a major concern, but the
underlying mechanisms remain controversial. Among the suspects are the parasitic mite …

The microsporidium Nosema ceranae is a newly prevalent parasite of the European honey
bee (Apis mellifera). Although this parasite is presently spreading across the world into its …

The worldwide beekeeping sector has been facing a grave threat, with losses up to 100–
1000 times greater than those previously reported. Despite the scale of this honey bee …

Nosemosis caused by the microsporidia Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae are among the
most common pathologies affecting adult honey bees. N. apis infection has been associated …

Malnutrition is a major cause of colony losses. In managed hives, bees are fed protein
supplements (PS) during pollen shortages. If bees were provided with natural forage instead …