Although seagrasses and marine macroalgae (macro‐autotrophs) play critical ecological
roles in reef, lagoon, coastal and open‐water ecosystems, their response to ocean …

Global climate change and localized anthropogenic stressors are driving rapid declines in
coral reef health. In vitro experiments have been fundamental in providing insight into how …

The Paris Agreement target of limiting global surface warming to 1.5–2° C compared to pre-
industrial levels by 2100 will still heavily impact the ocean. While ambitious mitigation and …

Ocean ecosystems have responded and will continue to respond to climate changes of
different rates, magnitudes, and durations (virtually certain). Human societies depend on …

Ocean acidification is an undisputed fact. The ocean presently takes up one-fourth of the
carbon CO2 emitted to the atmosphere from human activities. As this CO2 dissolves in the …

The effects of ocean acidification (OA) on the structure and complexity of coastal marine
biogenic habitat have been broadly overlooked. Here we explore how declining pH and …

The oceans cover the majority of the Earth's surface; they influence our climate and provide
a valuable source of food to billions of people. Yet despite its fundamental impact on our …

The effects of elevated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and temperature, alone and in
combination, on survival, calcification and dissolution were investigated in the crustose …

There are high levels of uncertainty about how coastal ecosystems will be affected by rapid
ocean acidification caused by anthropogenic CO2, due to a lack of data. The few …

Seaweed and seagrass communities in the northeast Atlantic have been profoundly
impacted by humans, and the rate of change is accelerating rapidly due to runaway CO 2 …