How animals evolved from a single-celled ancestor, transitioning from a unicellular lifestyle
to a coordinated multicellular entity, remains a fascinating question. Key events in this …

Heterotrophic nanoflagellates are the main consumers of bacteria and picophytoplankton in
the ocean and thus play a key role in ocean biogeochemistry. They are found in all major …

Amoeboid cell types are fundamental to animal biology and broadly distributed across
animal diversity, but their evolutionary origin is unclear. The closest living relatives of …

The transition from simple to complex multicellularity involves division of labor and
specialization of cell types. In animals, complex sensory-motor systems are primarily built …

All animals evolved from a single lineage of unicellular precursors more than 600 million
years ago. Thus, the biological and genetic foundations for animal sensation, cognition and …

Orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) is one of the most important aquaculture
species in tropical and subtropical Asia. Traditionally, rotifer are fed to the larvae after they …

Choanoflagellates, unicellular eukaryotes that can form multicellular colonies by cell division
and that share a common ancestor with animals, are used as a model system to study …

Predation is a well-known factor that structures rotifer communities. However, the role of
protists as predators is relatively understudied. Here, we investigated predatory behavior of …

Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is a common antibiotic pollutant in aquatic environments, which is
highly persistent under various conditions and significantly contributes to the spread of …

We quantified the population growth of the predatory heliozoan Actinosphaerium eichhornii
fed separately four rotifer prey (Anuraeopsis fissa, Brachionus calyciflorus, Brachionus …