Classification and pathogenesis of cerebral hemorrhages after thrombolysis in ischemic stroke

P Trouillas, R von Kummer - Stroke, 2006 - Am Heart Assoc
Background and Purpose—Brain hemorrhage after ischemic stroke is a serious
complication of treatment; however, its pathology is poorly understood. A classification …

Hemorrhagic transformation: a review of the rate of hemorrhage in the major clinical trials of acute ischemic stroke

ES Sussman, ES Connolly Jr - Frontiers in neurology, 2013 - frontiersin.org
Acute ischemic stroke is a devastating disease that is often complicated by hemorrhagic
transformation. While significant advances have been made over the past two decades with …

The Heidelberg bleeding classification: classification of bleeding events after ischemic stroke and reperfusion therapy

R von Kummer, JP Broderick, BCV Campbell… - Stroke, 2015 - Am Heart Assoc
2982 Stroke October 2015 threshold between PH1 and PH2 was not clarified. 10
Regardless, in the ECASS, only PH2, but not PH1 or HI, was associated with early …

Intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for acute hemispheric stroke: the European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study (ECASS)

W Hacke, M Kaste, C Fieschi, D Toni, E Lesaffre… - Jama, 1995 - jamanetwork.com
Objective.—To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravenous thrombolysis using
recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in patients with acute ischemic stroke …

'Malignant'middle cerebral artery territory infarction: clinical course and prognostic signs

W Hacke, S Schwab, M Horn, M Spranger… - Archives of …, 1996 - jamanetwork.com
Background: Although the clinical features of space-occupying ischemic stroke are well
known, there are limited prospective data on the clinical course of complete middle cerebral …

Hemorrhagic transformation within 36 hours of a cerebral infarct: relationships with early clinical deterioration and 3-month outcome in the European Cooperative …

M Fiorelli, S Bastianello, R von Kummer, GJ del Zoppo… - Stroke, 1999 - Am Heart Assoc
Background and Purpose—The clinical correlates of the varying degrees of early
hemorrhagic transformation of a cerebral infarct are unclear. We investigated the cohort of a …

Early hemorrhagic transformation of brain infarction: rate, predictive factors, and influence on clinical outcome: results of a prospective multicenter study

M Paciaroni, G Agnelli, F Corea, W Ageno, A Alberti… - Stroke, 2008 - Am Heart Assoc
Background and Purpose—Early hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a complication of
ischemic stroke but its effect on patient outcome is unclear. The aims of this study were to …

Hemorrhagic transformation of ischemic brain tissue: asymptomatic or symptomatic?

C Berger, M Fiorelli, T Steiner, WR Schäbitz… - Stroke, 2001 - Am Heart Assoc
Background and Purpose—The term symptomatic hemorrhage secondary to ischemic stroke
implies a clear causal relationship between clinical deterioration and hemorrhagic …

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 pretreatment level predicts intracranial hemorrhagic complications after thrombolysis in human stroke

J Montaner, CA Molina, J Monasterio, S Abilleira… - Circulation, 2003 - Am Heart Assoc
Background—Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression is related to blood brain barrier
disruption after cerebral ischemia. Moreover, MMP inhibitors reduce hemorrhagic …

Early blood–brain barrier disruption in human focal brain ischemia

LL Latour, DW Kang, MA Ezzeddine… - Annals of Neurology …, 2004 - Wiley Online Library
Loss of integrity of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) resulting from ischemia/reperfusion is
believed to be a precursor to hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and poor outcome. We used …