This review focuses on the current knowledge of the effects of thyroid hormones on central
nervous system differentiation and development in animals and the human fetal brain. The …

Hypothyroidism is the common clinical condition of thyroid hormone deficiency and, if left
untreated, can lead to serious adverse health effects on multiple organ systems, with the …

Background: A number of recent advances in our understanding of thyroid physiology may
shed light on why some patients feel unwell while taking levothyroxine monotherapy. The …

This guideline has been produced as the official statement of the European Thyroid
Association guideline committee. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in pregnancy is defined …

Hypothyroidism denotes deficient production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland and
can be primary (abnormality in thyroid gland itself) or secondary/central (as a result of …

Despite the introduction of salt iodization programmes as national measures to control
iodine deficiency, several European countries are still suffering from mild iodine deficiency …

Subclinical hypothyroidism is defined as serum levels of TSH above the upper limit of the
reference range, in the presence of normal concentrations of total T4 or free T4. This …

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is one of the commonest autoimmune endocrine diseases in the
paediatric age group. It is considered a typical, organ-specific, autoimmune disease …

Subclinical hypothyroidism (sHypo) is defined as normal serum free thyroid hormone levels
coexisting with elevated serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. sHypo is a …

Context: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH), defined as increased TSH serum levels and
normal serum free T4 concentrations, has been associated with an increased risk of …