This review article deals with the concepts, principles and applications of visible-light and
near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) in in vitro …

Biosensors are utilized in several different fields, including medicine, food, and the
environment; in this review, we examine recent developments in biosensors for healthcare …

Bacteria, viruses, and parasites are harmful microorganisms that cause infectious diseases.
Early detection of diseases is critical to prevent disease transmission and provide epidemic …

Virus threatens life health seriously. The accurate early diagnosis of the virus is vital for
clinical control and treatment of virus infection. Aptamers are small single-stranded …

Lateral flow assay (LFA) is user-friendly diagnostic tools but suffering limitations in poorer
sensitivities and specificities especially for double-stranded DNA and single-base mutation …

Biosensor provides a useful tool for earlier diagnosis of disease, food safety and
environment monitoring at resource-limited settings. Paper is green and porous material and …

The lateral flow assay (LFA) is a widely used paper-based on-site biosensor that can detect
target analytes and obtain test results in several minutes. Generally, antibodies are utilized …

Catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) with advantages of high efficiency, flexible design, and
mild reaction condition is considered a promising molecular amplifier. Modified working …

Lateral-flow assays (LFAs) are quick, simple and cheap assays to analyze various samples
at the point of care or in the field, making them one of the most widespread biosensors …

Paper-based analytical devices (PADs) are very popular for point-of-care diagnostics, which
provide a fast, cost-effective and possible multiplexed detection of a spectrum of molecules …