Cold environments represent the majority of the biosphere on Earth and have been
successfully colonized by psychrophilic microorganisms that are able to thrive at low …

The aims of this review are to:(a) describe and interpret structures in valley glaciers in
relation to strain history; and (b) to explore how these structures inform our understanding of …

Cryoconite is granular sediment found on glacier surfaces comprising both mineral and
biological material. Despite long having been recognised as an important glaciological and …

At a hole in lake ice, a painting from the year 1900 by Finnish artist Pekka Halonen (1865–
1933), who is well known especially of his winter landscapes. In cold regions the normal life …

Understanding Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) hydrology is essential for evaluating response of
ice dynamics to a warming climate and future contributions to global sea level rise. Recently …

Cryoconite is a mixture of mineral and organic material covering glacial ice, playing
important roles in biogeochemical cycles and lowering the albedo of a glacier surface …

The cryosphere presents some of the most challenging conditions for life on earth.
Nevertheless,(micro) biota survive in a range of niches in glacial systems, including water …

The manner by which meltwater drains through a glacier is critical to ice dynamics, runoff
characteristics, and water quality. However, much of the contemporary knowledge relating to …

Ice types, albedos and impurity content are characterized for the ablation zone of the
Greenland ice sheet in Kronprinz Christians Land (80° N, 24° W). Along this ice margin the …

Surface of glaciers is covered by mineral and organic dust, together with microorganisms
forming cryoconite granules. Despite fact that glaciers and ice sheets constitute significance …