Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) traditionally refers to abnormal glucose tolerance with
onset or first recognition during pregnancy. GDM has long been associated with obstetric …

During pregnancy, the mother must adapt her body systems to support nutrient and oxygen
supply for growth of the baby in utero and during the subsequent lactation. These include …

The pancreas is made from two distinct components: the exocrine pancreas, a reservoir of
digestive enzymes, and the endocrine islets, the source of the vital metabolic hormone …

Insulin-dependent diabetes is a complex multifactorial disorder characterized by loss or
dysfunction of β-cells. Pancreatic β-cells differ in size, glucose responsiveness, insulin …

Maternal-offspring interactions in mammals involve both cooperation and conflict. The fetus
has evolved ways to manipulate maternal physiology to enhance placental nutrient transfer …

The hypothalamic control of prolactin secretion is different from other anterior pituitary
hormones, in that it is predominantly inhibitory, by means of dopamine from the …

Pregnancy in placental mammals places unique demands on the insulin‐producing β‐cells
in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. The pancreas anticipates the increase in insulin …

Aims/hypothesis We sought to establish the extent and basis for adaptive changes in beta
cell numbers in human pregnancy. Methods Pancreas was obtained at autopsy from women …

The pathophysiology of diabetes as a disease is characterised by an inability to maintain
normal glucose homeostasis. In type 1 diabetes, this is due to autoimmune destruction of the …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a complex disease characterized by β-cell failure in the
setting of insulin resistance. The current evidence suggests that genetic predisposition, and …