The study of eukaryotic tRNA processing has given rise to an explosion of new information
and insights in the last several years. We now have unprecedented knowledge of each step …

The chemical identity of RNA molecules beyond the four standard ribonucleosides has
fascinated scientists since pseudouridine was characterized as the “fifth” ribonucleotide in …

Posttranscriptional modifications of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are critical for all core aspects of
tRNA function, such as folding, stability, and decoding. Most tRNA modifications were …

Protein translation is an energetically demanding process that must be regulated in
response to changes in nutrient availability. Herein, we report that intracellular methionine …

Abstract tRNA are post-transcriptionally modified by chemical modifications that affect all
aspects of tRNA biology. An increasing number of mutations underlying human genetic …

To date, more than 90 modified nucleosides have been found in tRNA and the biosynthetic
pathways of the majority of tRNA modifications include a methylation step (s). Recent studies …

GlycoRNA consists of RNAs modified with secretory N-glycans that are presented on the cell
surface. Although previous work supported a covalent linkage between RNA and glycans …

Wobble uridines (U34) are generally modified in all species. U34 modifications can be
essential in metazoans but are not required for viability in fungi. In this review, we provide an …

tRNA modifications are crucial for efficient and accurate protein translation, with defects
often linked to disease. There are 7 cytoplasmic tRNA modifications in the yeast …

Elongator is a 6 subunit protein complex highly conserved in eukaryotes. The role of this
complex has been controversial as the pleiotropic phenotypes of Elongator mutants have …