Background Countries are recommended to progressively work towards universal health
coverage (UHC), and to make explicit choices regarding the expansion of priority services …

Background In 2019, ever-smoking prevalence among adults in Indonesia was 32.8%,
which may correlate with a high burden on the economy. Therefore, there is an urgent need …

Introduction Caesarean section (C-section) has been a public health concern globally. This
study investigated the change in C-section rate in 1998–2017 in Indonesia and explored the …

While Indonesia introduced a national health insurance scheme (JKN) in 2014 and
coverage has grown to over 80% of the population, Indonesians still spend significant sums …

Summary Background The Government of Indonesia implemented health technology
assessment (HTA) to ensure quality and cost control in the National Health Insurance …

Climate change induced rising temperatures will pose a detrimental threat to decent health
in the coming decades. Especially at risk are individuals with chronic diseases, since heat …

Background: Indonesia has been aiming toward universal health coverage since 2019, but it
has yet to be achieved. The National Health Insurance (NHI) program provides individual …

Background: Indonesia's National Health Insurance Program, known as Jaminan Kesehatan
Nasional (JKN), has a variety of membership pathways for those wishing to gain access …

Summary This Element argues that Southeast Asia's failure to develop stronger social
protection systems has been, at its root, a matter of politics and power. It has reflected the …

The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of Indonesia's National Health Insurance
(NHI) on health care utilization. Specifically, by performing logistic regressions with the …