The purpose of this review is to evaluate behavioural measures used for the assessment of
pain in horses and donkeys. There is a paucity of scientific research into equine pain …

Pain management is dependent on the quality of the pain evaluation. Ideally, pain
evaluation is objective, pain‐specific and easily incorporated into a busy equine clinic. This …

This study addresses development and validation of a composite multifactorial pain scale
(CPS) in an experimental equine model of acute orthopaedic pain. Eighteen horses were …

Background Recent reviews question current animal models of depression and emphasise
the need for ethological models of mood disorders based on animals living under natural …

Over the last two decades there has been a dramatic increase in the literature relating to the
mechanisms and management of pain in domestic animals. Understanding the mechanisms …

Both clinical and preclinical models of postsurgical pain are being used more frequently in
the early evaluation of new chemical entities. In order to assess the validity and reliability of …

Objective To compare the analgesic effect of intra-articular (IA) and intravenous (IV)
morphine in horses with experimentally induced synovitis. Animals Eight adult horses. Study …

Objective This review evaluates the thermal and mechanical nociceptive threshold testing
techniques that have been used in horses and discusses them with reference to their …

The stress response represents an animal's attempt to reestablish the body's homeostasis
after injury, intense physical activity, or psychological strain. Two different neuroendocrine …

In horses, there is an increasing interest in developing long-lasting drug formulations, with
biopolymers as viable carrier alternatives in addition to their use as scaffolds, suture threads …