In the current study, a three-dimensional mathematical model combining the realizable k–ε
turbulent model, volume of fluid (VOF) multiphase model, and heat transfer model was …

Natural convection of molten steel flow in a tundish occurs due to the temperature variation
of the inlet stream and heat losses through top surface and refractory walls. A computational …

Numerical and physical models have been built and validated to study the multiphase flow
inside three ladle shrouds and a four-strand tundish. A conventional straight ladle shroud …

This paper presents the results of studies on the occurrence of transient disturbances in the
hydrodynamic system of a tundish feeding area and their effect on the casting process. In …

In the continuous casting process, the fluid flow of molten steel in the tundish is in a non-
isothermal state. Because of the geometric shape and process parameters of a multi-strand …

The successful design of refractory lining for a tundish is critical due to the demand of
superheat control, improvement of steel cleanliness and reduction in material cost during …

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has become an indispensable tool that can potentially
predict many phenomena of practical interest in the tundish. Model verification and …

A 1/17th water physical model of a 200-ton steel ladle furnace with a single gas injection
was used to simulate bath heating using a single burner to mimic the heat flux due to electric …

In recent years, there has been significant development in the large-scale utilisation of round
bloom continuous casting, which has led to an increase in the strand spacing of the tundish …

In this work, the Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) technique is applied to study the
effect of the number of nozzles, their radial position and the gas flow rate on the thermal …