Since the crucial evolutionary change from an aqueous to a terrestrial environment, all living
organisms address the primordial task of equilibrating the ingestion/production of water and …

Background Aquatic organisms are continuously exposed to complex mixtures of chemicals,
many of which can interfere with their endocrine system, resulting in impaired reproduction …

Despite the recent discovery of significant genetic structuring in a large number of marine
organisms, the evolutionary significance of these often minute genetic differences are still …

The antihypertensive effect of an angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide
Ile-Gln-Pro (IQP), whose sequence was derived from Spirulina platensis, was investigated in …

The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) is highly conserved, and components of the RAS are
present in all vertebrates to some degree. Although the RAS has been studied since the …

Apolipoprotein AI (apoA-I) is the major protein component of high density lipoprotein (HDL)
particles in serum and participates in the reverse transport of cholesterol from tissues to the …

Introduction The high incidence of erectile dysfunction (ED) in diabetes highlights the need
for good treatment strategies. Recent evidence indicates that blockade of the angiotensin …

Natural killer cell-enhancing factor (NKEF) may mediate cellular responses to
proinflammatory molecules. The liver proteins of Aeromonas hydrophila-infected ayu …

The systemic renin-angiotensin system mainly regulates blood pressure and maintains
kidney function. Recent studies have realized that renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been …

Our knowledge of complexity of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) has grown in recent
years and various angiotensin peptides including Ang II, Ang III, Ang IV, and Ang (1–7) were …