Impurity doping is a promising method to impart new properties to various materials. Due to
their unique optical, magnetic, and electrical properties, rare-earth ions have been …

Counterfeiting and inverse engineering of security and confidential documents, such as
banknotes, passports, national cards, certificates, and valuable products, has significantly …

Vectorial holography has gained a lot of attention due to the promise of versatile polarization
control of structured light for enhanced optical security and multi-channel optical …

This review summarized the applied techniques and applied nanomaterials (NMs) for the
progress of latent fingerprints (LFPs) images on several surfaces. Used numerous types of …

Optical nanomaterials have been widely used in anticounterfeiting applications. There have
been significant developments powered by recent advances in material science, printing …

Developing advanced luminescent materials and techniques is of significant importance for
anti‐counterfeiting applications, and remains a huge challenge. In this work, a new and …

An ideal anti-counterfeiting technique has to be inexpensive, mass-producible,
nondestructive, unclonable and convenient for authentication. Although many anti …

Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) possess the remarkable ability to
convert multiple near-infrared (NIR) photons into higher energy ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) …

The counterfeiting of goods has important economic implications and is also a threat to
health and security. Incorporating anti-counterfeiting tags with physical unclonable functions …

Precise control of energy migration between sensitizer ions and activator ions in lanthanide-
doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) nowadays has been extensively investigated to …