The management of patients with brain metastases has become a major issue due to the
increasing frequency and complexity of the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. In 2014 …

Checkpoint blockade immunotherapy has received mainstream attention as a result of
striking and durable clinical responses in some patients with metastatic disease and a …

The incidence of brain metastases has markedly increased in the past 20 years owing to
progress in the treatment of malignant solid tumours, earlier diagnosis by MRI and an …

Cancer immunotherapy has transformed traditional treatments, with immune checkpoint
blockade being particularly prominent. However, immunotherapy has minimal benefit for …

Conventional radiotherapy, in addition to its well-established tumoricidal effects, can also
activate the host immune system. Radiation therapy modulates tumour phenotypes …

Purpose To characterize the effect of concurrent stereotactic radiosurgery–stereotactic
radiation therapy (SRS-SRT) and immune checkpoint inhibitors on patient outcomes and …

Purpose: Little prospective data are available on clinical outcomes and immune correlates
from combination radiation and immunotherapy. We conducted a phase I trial …

Radiotherapy (RT) is currently used in more than 50% of cancer patients during the course
of their disease in the curative, adjuvant or palliative setting. RT achieves good local control …

Background and purpose While the combination of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and
immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) is becoming more widely used in the treatment of brain …

Objectives: Common origins for brain metastases (BMs) are melanoma, lung, breast, and
renal cell cancers. BMs account for a large share of morbidity and mortality caused by these …