Proteins constitute the majority of nature's worker biomolecules. Designed for specific
functions, complex tertiary structures make proteins ideal candidates for analysing natural …

More than two decades ago a general method to genetically encode noncanonical or
unnatural amino acids (NAAs) with diverse physical, chemical, or biological properties in …

Recoding—the repurposing of genetic codons—is a powerful strategy for enhancing
genomes with functions not commonly found in nature. Here, we report computational …

We recently described an orthogonal initiator tRNA (i tRNATy2) that can initiate protein
synthesis with noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) in response to the UAG nonsense codon …

The immutability of the genetic code has been challenged with the successful reassignment
of the UAG stop codon to non-natural amino acids in Escherichia coli. In the present study …

Metagenomics and directed evolution technology have brought a revolution in search of
novel enzymes from extreme environment and improvement of existing enzymes and tuning …

The degeneracy of the genetic code allows nucleic acids to encode amino acid identity as
well as noncoding information for gene regulation and genome maintenance. The rare …

Before utilization in biomedical diagnosis, therapeutic treatment, and biotechnology, the
diverse variety of peptides and proteins must be preliminarily purified and thoroughly …

Introduction Neurodegeneration and cancer present in comorbidities with inverse effects
due to the expression of genes and pathways acting in opposition. Identifying and studying …

Ribosome-dependent protein biosynthesis is an essential cellular process mediated by
transfer RNAs (tRNAs). Generally, ribosomally synthesized proteins are limited to the 22 …