In this chapter, we first describe a number of prominent and frequently cited theories
describing how victimized children may grow up to become violent offenders, including …

Evolutionary-biological reasoning suggests that individuals should be differentially
susceptible to environmental influences, with some people being not just more vulnerable …

Childhood is the time when we forge our first social bonds, first learn how to express and
read basic human emotions, and first make sense of the physical world. In childhood …

This article discusses conceptual issues and reviews knowledge about direct and buffering
protective factors in the development of youth violence. Direct protective factors predict a low …

Empirical studies suggest that psychiatric disorders result from a complex interplay between
genetic and environmental factors. Most evidence for such gene-environment interaction …

There has been enormous progress in psychotherapy research. This has culminated in
recognition of several treatments that have strong evidence in their behalf. Even so, after …

Rationale Genetic and environmental influences on the development of alcohol and drug
dependence are equally important. Exposure to early life stress, that is unfortunately …

Background In a seminal study of gene-environment interaction, childhood maltreatment
predicted antisocial behavior more strongly in male subjects carrying an MAOA promoter …

This chapter presents 10 years of research into a developmental taxonomy of antisocial
behavior that proposed two primary hypothetical prototypes: life-course-persistent versus …

The classic diathesis–stress framework, which views some individuals as particularly
vulnerable to adversity, informs virtually all psychiatric research on behavior–gene …