Decades of advancements in immuno-oncology have enabled the development of current
immunotherapies, which provide long-term treatment responses in certain metastatic cancer …

Simple Summary Spine metastases are a common life-threatening complication of
advanced-stage malignancies and often result in poor prognosis. Symptomatic spine …

Cancer is not a hard-wired phenomenon but an evolutionary disease. From the onset of
carcinogenesis, cancer cells continuously adapt and evolve to satiate their ever-growing …

Simple Summary Breast cancer is a major public health problem with a large impact on the
life of patients and their families. It is a highly curable disease when detected early, and an …

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an important cell-surface imaging biomarker
and therapeutic target in prostate cancer. The PSMA-targeted theranostic 177Lu-PSMA-617 …

Simple Summary Metastatic lesions in bone tissue are a common complication in breast and
prostate cancer patients, accounting for the larger part of pain and suffering in late-stage …

Exosomes are membranous lipid vesicles fused with intracellular multicellular bodies that
are released into the extracellular environment. They contain bioactive substances …

Many tumors prefer to metastasize to bone, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.
The human skeletal system has unique physical properties, that are distinct from other …

Bone marrow is the primary site of blood cell production in adults and serves as the source
of osteoblasts and osteoclasts that maintain bone homeostasis. The medullary …

Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is a multidisciplinary area that can solve the limitation of
conventional grafting methods by developing viable and biocompatible bone replacements …