In the subacute and chronic stages of spastic paresis, stretch‐sensitive (spastic) muscle
overactivity emerges as a third fundamental mechanism of motor impairment, along with …

Movement is accomplished by the controlled activation of motor unit populations. Our
understanding of motor unit physiology has been derived from experimental work on the …

L-type calcium channels couple membrane depolarization in neurons to numerous
processes including gene expression, synaptic efficacy, and cell survival. To establish the …

The dendrites of motoneurons are not, as once thought, passive conduits for synaptic inputs.
Instead they have voltage‐dependent channels that provide the capacity to generate a very …

Spasticity, resulting in involuntary and sustained contractions of muscles, may evolve in
patients with stroke, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, brain injury, and spinal cord injury …

Persistent neural activity refers to a sustained change in action potential discharge that long
outlasts a stimulus. It is found in a diverse set of brain regions and organisms and several in …

Persistent inward currents (PICs) are present in many types of neurons and likely have
diverse functions. In spinal motoneurons, PICs are especially strong, primarily located in …

After chronic spinal injury, motoneurons spontaneously develop two persistent inward
currents (PICs): a TTX-sensitive persistent sodium current (sodium PIC) and a nimodipine …

The state of areflexia and muscle weakness that immediately follows a spinal cord injury
(SCI) is gradually replaced by the recovery of neuronal and network excitability, leading to …

The loss of motor neurons (MNs) is a hallmark of the neuromuscular disease spinal
muscular atrophy (SMA); however, it is unclear whether this phenotype autonomously …