Electromagnetic wave scattering from random rough surfaces is an active, interdisciplinary
area of research with myriad practical applications in fields such as optics, acoustics …

A statistical sea surface specular BRDF (bidirectional reflectance distribution function) model
is developed that includes mutual shadowing by waves, wave facet hiding, and projection …

The first-order small-slope approximation (SSA-1) model is used for numerical predictions of
the normalized radar cross section (NRCS) of an anisotropic ocean surface in bistatic …

Since the sun is an extremely strong radiation source at L-band, accounting for sun glint
over the ocean, ie, solar radiation reflected by the sea surface toward downward-looking …

In this paper, the first-order small slope approximation is applied to a rough sea surface with
non-Gaussian statistics, for which the third-and the fourth-order statistics are taken into …

In this paper, a fast method is presented to model the forward propagation above Gaussian
rough surfaces and taking into account atmospheric refraction. The method is based on the …

The parabolic equation is an efficient numerical solution for electromagnetic wave
propagation. In order to address the difficulties in predicting electromagnetic wave …

Based on the scattering mechanisms of multipath, a bistatic synthetic aperture radar (Bis-
SAR) image intensity model for the composite ship-ocean (or other metallic targets with …

Understanding Earth Observation addresses the electromagnetic foundation of remote
sensing. The basic fundamentals are presented in close association with the kinds of …

In this paper, recent asymptotic backscattering models are compared for one-dimensional
multiscale dielectric sea surfaces with Gaussian statistics and by considering the Elfouhaily …