Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. The
condition causes a heavy burden both on those affected, as well as their families. Accurate …

To date, molecular genetic analyses have identified over 500 distinct DNA variants in five
disease genes associated with familial Parkinson disease; α‐synuclein (SNCA), parkin …

Loss-of-function mutations in parkin are the major cause of early-onset familial Parkinson's
disease. To investigate the pathogenic mechanism by which loss of parkin function causes …

Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. In most
instances, PD is thought to result from a complex interaction between multiple genetic and …

The cause of Parkinson disease (PD) is still unknown, but genetic factors have recently been
implicated in the etiology of the disease. So far, four loci responsible for autosomal dominant …

▪ Abstract Several genes have been identified for monogenic disorders that variably
resemble Parkinson's disease. Dominant mutations in the gene encoding α-synuclein …

In this review we discuss the epidemiological, clinical, and genetic characteristics of early-
onset parkinsonism, defined as parkinsonism starting before age 40 (sometimes 50) years …

Mutations of the parkin gene are the most frequent cause of early onset autosomal recessive
parkinsonism (EO-AR). Here we show that inactivation of the parkin gene in mice results in …

In the past two decades, mutations in multiple genes have been linked to autosomal
dominant or recessive forms of monogenic Parkinson's disease (PD). Collectively, these …

Previous work has established that compound mutations and homozygous loss of function of
the parkin gene cause early‐onset, autosomal recessive parkinsonism. Classically, this …