The protonation state of soluble and membrane-associated macromolecules dictates their
charge, conformation, and functional activity. In addition, protons (H+ or their equivalents) …

Ari Helenius launched the field of enveloped virus fusion in endosomes with a seminal
paper in the Journal of Cell Biology in 1980. In the intervening years, a great deal has been …

There are at least 21 families of enveloped viruses that infect mammals, and many contain
members of high concern for global human health. All enveloped viruses have a dedicated …

Influenza virus is a major human pathogen that causes annual epidemics and occasional
pandemics. Moreover, the virus causes outbreaks in poultry and other animals, such as pigs …

Influenza A virus causes millions of severe cases of disease during annual epidemics. The
most abundant protein in influenza virions is matrix protein 1 (M1), which mediates virus …

Influenza A virus (IAV) uses the low pH in late endocytic vacuoles as a cue for penetration by
membrane fusion. Here, we analyzed the prefusion reactions that prepare the core for …

Rapid, yet accurate and sensitive testing has been shown to be critical in the control of
spreading pandemic diseases such as COVID-19. Current methods which are highly …

Tetraspanins are transmembrane glycoproteins that have been shown increasing interest as
host factors in infectious diseases. In particular, they were implicated in the pathogenesis of …

Ebola viruses (EBOVs) assemble into filamentous virions, whose shape and stability are
determined by the matrix viral protein 40 (VP40). Virus entry into host cells occurs via …

The influenza virus is surrounded by an envelope composed of a lipid bilayer and integral
membrane proteins. Understanding the structural dynamics of the membrane envelope …