Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a global health concern, and its prevalence is
increasing. The ultimate therapeutic option for CKD is kidney transplantation. However, the …

Background Beta‐blockers and inhibitors of the renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system
improve survival and reduce morbidity in people with heart failure with reduced left …

Since the inception of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society heart failure (HF) guidelines in
2006, much has changed in the care for patients with HF. Over the past decade, the HF …

Introduction. Heart failure (HF) is highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease
(CKD) and end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) and is strongly associated with mortality in …

Background Treatment with angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and
angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) is used to reduce proteinuria and retard the …

Abstract The 2011 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Heart Failure (HF) Guidelines Focused
Update reviews the recently published clinical trials that will potentially impact on …

Background Hypertension and proteinuria are critically involved in the progression of
chronic kidney disease. Despite treatment with renin angiotensin system inhibition, kidney …

Background Patients who require dialysis are at high risk for cardiovascular mortality, which
may be improved by mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs). Study Design …

The past two decades have witnessed a striking paradigm shift with respect to our
understanding of the widespread effects of aldosterone. There is substantive evidence that …

Heart failure (HF) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) frequently coexist; 1 comorbidity
worsens the prognosis of the other. HF is responsible for almost half the deaths of patients …