Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a leading contributor to low back pain. The
intervertebral disc (IVD) is composed of three tissue types: the central gelatinous nucleus …

Lower back pain (LBP) occurs in 80% of adults in their lifetime; resulting in LBP being one of
the biggest causes of disability worldwide. Chronic LBP has been linked to the degeneration …

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a clinically disease that seriously endangers
people's health. Tissue engineering provides a promising method to repair and regenerate …

Early explorations of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine concepts commonly
utilized simple polyesters such as polyglycolide, polylactide, and their copolymers as …

Intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD) is a leading cause of disability. The degeneration is
inevitable, and the mechanisms are complex. Current therapeutic strategies mainly focus on …

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a leading cause of back pain and precursor to more
severe conditions, including disc herniation and spinal stenosis. While traditional growth …

Low back pain is a vital musculoskeletal disease that impairs life quality, leads to disability
and imposes heavy economic burden on the society, while it is greatly attributed to …

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common degenerative musculoskeletal disorder
and is recognized as a major contributor to discogenic lower back pain. However, the …

Overactive inflammatory cascade accompanied by oxidative stress in the nucleus pulposus
exacerbates intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Hydrogels have been demonstrated to …

Annulus fibrosus (AF) plays a crucial role in the biomechanical loading of intervertebral disc
(IVD). AF is difficult to self-heal when the annulus tears develop, because AF has a unique …