Bacterial biofilms are structured communities of bacterial cells enclosed in a self-produced
polymer matrix that is attached to a surface. Biofilms protect and allow bacteria to survive …

Three pathogens, Riemerella anatipestifer, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enterica, are
leading causes of bacterial fibrinous pericarditis and perihepatitis in ducks in China and …

Riemerella anatipestifer infection is probably the most economically important disease of
farm ducks worldwide. The pathogen R. anatipestifer causes septicemia anserum …

In order to investigate the biological characteristics of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli
(APEC) isolated in eastern China, a total of 243 isolates were isolated from diseased poultry …

In this study 50 isolates were obtained from the Baghdad teaching city medicine
laboratories, from wounds and burns. Isolates were identified exercise VITEK 2 system …

Riemerella anatipestifer is an important bacterial pathogen in the global duck industry and
causes heavy economic losses. In our previous study, we demonstrated that R. anatipestifer …

Riemerella anatipestifer infections cause major economic losses in the duck industry. In this
study, a trivalent inactivated vaccine of R. anatipestifer, including strains CH3 (serotype 1) …

Results: Seventy-six R. anatipestifer isolates were detected, and the prevalences in the
ducks and geese were 12.3%(46/375) and 8.0%(30/375), respectively. The positive isolation …

Mycoplasma gallisepticum is the causative agent of chronic respiratory disease in chickens
and of infectious sinusitis in turkeys, chickens, game birds, pigeons, and passerine birds of …

Bacteria, the microorganism with intrinsic chirality, have numerous fascinating chiral
phenomena such as various chirality-triggered biological processes and behaviors. Herein …