The identification of neurological symptoms caused by vitamin A deficiency pointed to a
critical, early developmental role of vitamin A and its metabolite, retinoic acid (RA). The …

Tributyltin (TBT) was widely used as a highly efficient biocide in antifouling paints for ship
and boat hulls. Eventually, TBT containing paints became globally banned when TBT was …

Molluscs comprise the second largest phylum of animals (after arthropods), occurring in
virtually all habitats. Some are commercially important, a few are pests and some carry …

Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, Volume II: Specific Metals, Fifth Edition provides
complete coverage of 38 individual metals and their compounds. This volume is the second …

Each year ecotoxicological problems become increasingly complex and encompass
broader spatial and temporal scales. Our practical understanding must evolve accordingly to …

Maintaining the viability of populations of plants and animals is a key focus for
environmental regulation. Population‐level responses integrate the cumulative effects of …

In assessing the evidence as to whether vertebrate sex steroids (eg testosterone, estradiol,
progesterone) have hormonal actions in mollusks, ca. 85% of research papers report at least …

Recent findings indicate that different Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) interfere with
lipid metabolic pathways in mammals and promote fat accumulation, a previously unknown …

The banning of organotin biocides, such as tributyltin (TBT), from use in marine antifouling
paints is now leading to reproductive health recovery in marine gastropod populations all …

ABSTRACT 2 Organotin compounds have been widely used as antifouling biocides for
ships and fishing nets, agricultural fungicides and rodent repellents. These widespread uses …