The NCLs (neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis) are forms of neurodegenerative disease that
affect people of all ages and ethnicities but are most prevalent in children. Commonly known …

Non-neuronal cells are key to the complex cellular interplay that follows central nervous
system insult. To understand this interplay, we generated a single-cell atlas of immune, glial …

Introduction The retina is a potential source of noninvasive vascular biomarkers for
Alzheimer's disease (AD). We assessed retinal microvasculature in well-characterized AD …

Introduction Retinal thickness measured with optical coherence tomography has been
proposed as a noninvasive biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We therefore measured …

VGF nerve growth factor inducible (VGF) is a polypeptide that is induced by neurotrophic
factors and is involved in neurite growth and neuroprotection. The mRNA of the Vgf gene …

Intraocular pressure (IOP) is the most important risk factor for the onset and progression of
glaucoma. IOP reduction has been proven effective in the treatment of glaucoma. IOP is …

Background Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the principal cause of permanent
blindness among elderly individuals worldwide. Chronic inflammation in the subretinal …

Introduction The inflammatory response after spinal cord injury (SCI) is an important
contributor to secondary damage. Infiltrating macrophages can acquire a spectrum of …

Abstract Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a protein belonging to the transforming
growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily. The precursor GDF15 is cleaved and activated as a …

Purpose: Retinal degenerative diseases can progress to severe reductions of vision. In
general, the changes are permanent in higher vertebrates, including humans; however …