Ripe oil palm fresh fruit bunch allows extraction of high-quality crude palm oil and kernel
palm oil. As the fruit ripens, its surface color changes from black (unripe) or dark purple …

Classification of oil palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB) maturity is a critical factor that dictates the
quality of produced palm oil. This study evaluates a multi-band portable, active optical …

The oil yield, measured in oil extraction rate per hectare in the palm oil industry, is directly
affected by the ripening levels of the oil palm fresh fruit bunches at the point of harvesting. A …

Ripeness estimation of oil palm fresh fruit bunches is a crucial component in the
management of oil palm harvesting, as it will lead to profitability and marketability of the …

Non-destructive and real-time oil palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB) grading systems are of major
exploratory concern for researchers in the oil palm industry. The objective is to reduce time …

The maturity of oil palm Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) is considered to be a significant factor
that affects the profitability and salability of palm oil FFB. Typical methods of grading FFB …

In this research a non-destructive, rapid and cost effective examination machine for the
estimation of the ripeness fraction, oil content and free fatty acid level in oil palm fresh fruits …

Oil palm industry is one of the main industries in Malaysia that contributes to the country's
gross domestic product (GDP). In the oil palm industrial sector, methods of planting …

Free fatty acid (FFA) content is an essential parameter with a significant influence on the
quality of oil palm, with lower levels showing higher quality. The measurement of this …

The optimisation of fresh fruit bunch (FFB) sterilisation process was studied using different
degree of FFB ripeness (ie under-ripe, ripe, overripe) and loose fruits. This study was carried …